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1.
Turkish Journal of Intensive Care ; 20:92-93, 2022.
Article in Turkish | Academic Search Complete | ID: covidwho-1755807

ABSTRACT

Amaç: Yeni koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) ile ilişkili pnömoni, endotrakeal entübasyon ve mekanik ventilasyon gerektiren derin hipoksemi ile solunum yetmezliğine yol açabilir. Optimal konvansiyonel mekanik ventilasyon tedavisine yanıt vermeyen hastalar, ekstrakorporeal membran oksijenasyonu (ECMO) ile uygulama için aday olabilir. En yaygın uygulanan kanülasyon, sağ internal juguler vene (ÍJ) ve femoral vene iki kanülün perkütan yerleştirilmesidir. Alternatif olarak, sağ ÍJ damarına tek bir çift lümenli ECMO kanülü perkütan olarak yerleştirilebilir. Çalışmamızda uygulanan kanülasyon tiplerinin mortalite üzerine etkilerini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra Nisan 2020-Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 tanısı ile yoğun bakımda takip edilen ve ECMO desteği alan hastalar tarandı. Hastaların demografik verileri, ECMO süreleri, ECMO tipi, kanül tipi, entübasyon süresi, yoğun bakım ünitesi ve hastanede kalış süreleri, P/F seviyeleri hastane bilgi yönetim sisteminden toplandı ve retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: ECMO yapılan akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromulu (ARDS) hastaların 4’ü kadın, 24’ü erkekti. Kanülasyon olarak 3 hastaya dual kanül, 25 hastaya çift lümenli kanülasyon uygulandı. Hemodinamik parametreler karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı. ECMO uygulanan 28 COVID-19 hastasından 25’i (%89,3) kaybedildi. Sekiz hasta ECMO’dan ayrıldı, ancak ECMO’dan ayrılan hastalardan sadece 3’ü taburcu edildi. Entübasyondan sonra ECMO başlangıcı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p=0,62). Hastalara uygulanan ortalama ECMO süresi 10,6±9,6 gün olarak belirlendi. Sonuç: COVID-19’da ECMO tedavisine ne zaman ve hangi endikasyonlarla başlanması gerektiği konusunda bazı sorular var. ARDS’de ECMO’ya erken başlamanın faydalı olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda entübasyon sonrası ECMO tedavisine başlama süresi ortalama 3,9±3,5 gün olup, hastalar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Hastalara uygulanan ortalama ECMO süresi 10,6±9,6 gün olarak belirlendi. VV-ECMO genellikle çift kanülasyon ile uygulanırken, artık VVECMO desteği için tek bir kanül kullanmak mümkündür. Çift kanülasyon tekniği VV-ECMO için ilk tercihken, dual kanül, mobilizasyon açısından çekici bir seçenektir, ancak uygulama zorluğu ve yüksek maliyetler, kullanımını sınırlamıştır. ECMO, kritik hastalarda deneyimli ve disiplinli bir ekibin katılımını gerektiren kurtarıcı bir tedavidir. (Turkish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Turkish Journal of Intensive Care is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

2.
J Biomech ; 121: 110382, 2021 05 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1185041

ABSTRACT

Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is the preferred surgical intervention for patients suffering from severe cardiorespiratory failure, also encountered in SARS-Cov-2 management. The key component of VV-ECMO is the double-lumen cannula (DLC) that enables single-site access. The biofluid dynamics of this compact device is particularly challenging for neonatal patients due to high Reynolds numbers, tricuspid valve location and right-atrium hemodynamics. In this paper we present detailed findings of our comparative analysis of the right-atrial hemodynamics and salient design features of the 13Fr Avalon Elite DLC (as the clinically preferred neonatal cannula) with the alternate Origen DLC design, using experimentally validated computational fluid dynamics. Highly accurate 3D-reconstructions of both devices were obtained through an integrated optical coherence tomography and micro-CT imaging approach. Both cannula configurations displayed complex flow structures inside the atrium, superimposed over predominant recirculation regimes. We found that the Avalon DLC performed significantly better than the Origen alternative, by capturing 80% and 94% of venous blood from the inferior and superior vena cavae, respectively and infusing the oxygenated blood with an efficiency of more than 85%. The micro-scale geometric design features of the Avalon DLC that are associated with superior hemodynamics were investigated through 14 parametric cannula configurations. These simulations showed that the strategic placement of drainage holes, the smooth infusion blood stream diverter and efficient distribution of the venous blood capturing area between the vena cavae are associated with robust blood flow performance. Nevertheless, our parametric results indicate that there is still room for further device optimization beyond the performance measurements for both Avalon and Origen DLC in this study. In particular, the performance envelope of malpositioned cannula and off-design conditions require additional blood flow simulations for analysis.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Cannula , Hemodynamics , Humans , Infant, Newborn , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Cardiol Young ; 30(9): 1288-1296, 2020 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1084349

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In this report, we aim to present our algorithm and results of patients with congenital cardiac disorders who underwent surgical or interventional procedures during the peak phase of the pandemics in our country. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The first COVID-19 case was diagnosed in Turkey on 11 March, 2020, and the peak phase seemed to end by the end of April. All the patients whom were referred, treated, or previously operated but still at the hospital during the peak phase of COVID-19 pandemics in the country were included into this retrospective study. Patient's diagnosis, interventions, adverse events, and early post-procedural courses were studied. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients with various diagnoses of congenital cardiovascular disorders were retrospectively reviewed. Ages of the patients ranged between 2 days and 16 years. Seventeen cases were males and 14 cases were females. Elective cases were postponed. Priority was given to interventional procedures, and five cases were treated percutaneously. Palliative procedures were preferred in patients whom presumably would require long hospital stay. Corrective procedures were not hesitated in prioritised stable patients. Mortality occurred in one patient. Eight patients out of 151 ICU admissions were diagnosed with COVID-19, and they were transferred to COVID-19 ICU immediately. Three nurses whom also took care of the paediatric cases became infected with SARS-CoV-2; however, the children did not catch the disease. CONCLUSION: Mandatory and emergent congenital cardiac percutaneous and surgical procedures may be performed with similar postoperative risks as there are no pandemics with meticulous care and preventive measures.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures , Coronavirus Infections , Heart Defects, Congenital , Infection Control/organization & administration , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Postoperative Complications , Adolescent , COVID-19 , Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures/methods , Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Child, Preschool , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Female , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Pandemics/prevention & control , Patient Selection , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Turkey/epidemiology
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